

Opponents of the War Hawks cynically blamed the War of 1812 on "James Madison, Felix Grundy, and the Devil." The rhetoric of the War Hawks, much of it published in the newspapers of the day, succeeded in inflaming the anti-British sentiments that had been festering since the American Revolution.

Grundy, in particular, set the tone for the War Hawks by proclaiming he would rather have war than further "submit" to British insults. Calhoun of South Carolina, and Felix Grundy of Tennessee. Leaders of this group included Henry Clay of Kentucky, John C. Young, energetic politicians, mostly from the South and the West and known as War Hawks, initiated legislation designed to steer the United States towards war. Many Democratic-Republican members of the Twelfth Congress, which convened in November 1811, insisted that Great Britain had violated America's honor once too often.

Tennessee Historical Society Picture CollectionĬonvincing Congress to declare war against one of the mightiest military powers in the world was no easy task.
